Who ruled the world in 1994?
The modern age: 170 states on the map for 1994, 170 with a known leader. Open the interactive map and move the slider to 1994 to see their borders.
| State | Led by in 1994 |
|---|---|
| Albania | Berisha (President); Aleksandër Meksi (Prime minister) |
| Algeria | Ali Kafi (President); Liamine Zéroual (President); Redha Malek (Prime minister); Mokdad Sifi (Prime minister) |
| Andorra | Joan Martí i Alanis (Episcopal Co-Prince); François Mitterrand (French Co-Prince); Òscar Ribas Reig (Prime minister); Marc Forné Molné (Prime minister) |
| Angola | José Eduardo dos Santos (President); Marcolino Moco (Prime minister) |
| Antigua and Barbuda | Elizabeth II (Queen); Vere Bird (Prime minister); Lester Bird (Prime minister) |
| Argentina | Carlos Menem (President) |
| Armenia | Levon Ter-Petrosyan (President); Hrant Bagratyan (Prime minister) |
| Australia | Elizabeth II (Queen); Paul Keating (Prime minister) |
| Austria | Thomas Klestil (President); Franz Vranitzky (Chancellor) |
| Azerbaijan | Heydar Aliyev (President); Surat Huseynov (Prime minister); Fuad Guliyev (Prime minister) |
| Ba'athist Iraq | Saddam Hussein (President); Ahmad Husayn Khudayir as-Samarrai (Prime minister); Saddam Hussein (Prime minister) |
| Bangladesh | Abdur Rahman Biswas (President); Khaleda Zia (Prime minister) |
| Barbados | Elizabeth II (Queen); Lloyd Erskine Sandiford (Prime minister); Owen Arthur (Prime minister) |
| Belarus | Stanislau Shushkevich (Chairman of the Supreme Soviet); Vyacheslav Nikolayevich Kuznetsov (Chairman of the Supreme Soviet); Myechyslaw Hryb (Acting Chairman of the Supreme Soviet); Alexander Lukashenko (President); Vyacheslav Kebich (Prime minister); Mikhail Chigir (Prime minister); Alexander Lukashenko (president) |
| Belgium | Albert II (King); Jean-Luc Dehaene (Prime minister) |
| Belize | Elizabeth II (Queen); Manuel Esquivel (Prime minister) |
| Benin | Nicéphore Soglo (President) |
| Bhutan | Jigme Singye Wangchuck (Druk Gyalpo) |
| Bolivia | Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada (President) |
| Botswana | Quett Masire (President) |
| Brazil | Itamar Franco (President) |
| Brunei | Hassanal Bolkiah (Sultan) |
| Bulgaria | Zhelyu Zhelev (President); Lyuben Berov (Prime minister); Reneta Indzhova (Interim Prime minister) |
| Burkina Faso | Blaise Compaoré (President); Youssouf Ouédraogo (Prime minister); Roch Marc Christian Kaboré (Prime minister) |
| Burundi | Sylvie Kinigi (Acting President); Cyprien Ntaryamira (President); Sylvestre Ntibantunganya (President); Sylvie Kinigi (Prime minister); Anatole Kanyenkiko (Prime minister) |
| Cambodia | Norodom Sihanouk (King); Norodom Ranariddh (First Prime minister) |
| Cameroon | Paul Biya (President); Simon Achidi Achu (Prime minister) |
| Canada | Elizabeth II (Queen); Jean Chrétien (Prime minister) |
| Central African Republic | Ange-Félix Patassé (President); Jean-Luc Mandaba (Prime minister) |
| Chad | Idriss Déby (President); Delwa Kassiré Koumakoye (Prime minister) |
| Chile | Patricio Aylwin (President); Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle (President) |
| China | Jiang Zemin (General Secretary); Jiang Zemin (President); Li Peng (Premier) |
| Colombia | César Gaviria Trujillo (President); Ernesto Samper Pizano (President) |
| Costa Rica | Rafael Calderón Fournier (President); José Figueres Olsen (President) |
| Croatia | Franjo Tuđman (President); Nikica Valentić (Prime minister) |
| Cuba | Fidel Castro (President of the Council of State); Fidel Castro (President of the Council of Ministers); Fidel Castro (First secretary) |
| Cyprus | Glafcos Clerides (President) |
| Czech Republic | Václav Havel (President); Václav Klaus (Prime minister) |
| Denmark | Margrethe II (Queen); Poul Nyrup Rasmussen (Prime minister) |
| Djibouti | Hassan Gouled Aptidon (President); Barkat Gourad Hamadou (Prime minister) |
| Dominica | Crispin Sorhaindo (President); Eugenia Charles (Prime minister) |
| Dominican Republic | Joaquín Balaguer (President) |
| Ecuador | Sixto Durán Ballén (President) |
| Egypt | Hosni Mubarak (president); Atef Sedky (Prime minister) |
| El Salvador | Alfredo Cristiani (President); Armando Calderón Sol (President) |
| Equatorial Guinea | Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo (President); Silvestre Siale Bileka (Prime minister) |
| Eritrea | Isaias Afwerki (President) |
| Estonia | Lennart Meri (President); Mart Laar (Prime minister); Andres Tarand (Prime minister) |
| Eswatini | Mswati III (King); Ntfombi (Ndlovukati); Jameson Mbilini Dlamini (Prime minister) |
| Fiji | Kamisese Mara (Acting President); Sitiveni Rabuka (Prime minister) |
| Finland | Mauno Koivisto (President); Martti Ahtisaari (President); Esko Aho (Prime minister) |
| France | François Mitterrand (President); Édouard Balladur (Prime minister) |
| Gabon | Omar Bongo (President); Casimir Oyé-Mba (Prime minister); Paulin Obame-Nguema (Prime minister) |
| Gambia | Dawda Jawara (President); Yahya Jammeh (Chairman of the Armed Forces Provisional Ruling Council) |
| Georgia | Eduard Shevardnadze (President); Otar Patsatsia (Prime minister) |
| Germany | Richard von Weizsäcker (President of reunified Germany); Roman Herzog (President); Helmut Kohl (Chancellor of reunified Germany) |
| Ghana | Jerry Rawlings (President of the Fourth Republic) |
| Greece | Konstantinos Karamanlis (President); Andreas Papandreou (Prime minister) |
| Grenada | Elizabeth II (Queen); Nicholas Brathwaite (Prime minister) |
| Guatemala | Ramiro de León Carpio (President) |
| Guinea | Lansana Conté (President) |
| Guinea-Bissau | João Bernardo Vieira (President); Carlos Correia (Prime minister); Manuel Saturnino da Costa (Prime minister) |
| Guyana | Cheddi Jagan (President); Sam Hinds (Prime minister) |
| Haiti | Jean-Bertrand Aristide (President); Émile Jonassaint (Provisional President); Jean-Bertrand Aristide (President); Robert Malval (Prime minister); Smarck Michel (Prime minister) |
| Honduras | Rafael Leonardo Callejas Romero (President); Carlos Roberto Reina (President) |
| Hungary | Árpád Göncz (President); Péter Boross (Prime minister); Gyula Horn (Prime minister) |
| Iceland | Vigdís Finnbogadóttir (President); Davíð Oddsson (Prime minister) |
| India | Shankar Dayal Sharma (President); P. V. Narasimha Rao (Prime minister) |
| Iran | Ali Khamenei (Supreme Leader); Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani (President) |
| Ireland | Mary Robinson (President); Albert Reynolds (Taoiseach); John Bruton (Taoiseach) |
| Islamic State of Afghanistan | Burhanuddin Rabbani (President); Gulbuddin Hekmatyar (Prime minister); Arsala Rahmani Daulat (Prime minister) |
| Israel | Ezer Weizman (President); Yitzhak Rabin (Prime minister) |
| Italy | Oscar Luigi Scalfaro (President); Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (Prime minister); Silvio Berlusconi (Prime minister) |
| Ivory Coast | Henri Konan Bédié (President); Daniel Kablan Duncan (Prime minister) |
| Jamaica | Elizabeth II (Queen); P. J. Patterson (Prime minister) |
| Japan | Akihito (emperor); Morihiro Hosokawa (Prime minister); Tsutomu Hata (Prime minister); Tomiichi Murayama (Prime minister) |
| Jordan | Hussein (King); Abdelsalam al-Majali (Prime minister) |
| Kazakhstan | Nursultan Nazarbayev (President); Sergey Tereshchenko (Prime minister); Akejan Kajegeldin (Prime minister) |
| Kenya | Daniel arap Moi (President) |
| Kingdom of Nepal | Birendra (King); Girija Prasad Koirala (Prime minister); Man Mohan Adhikari (Prime minister) |
| Kingdom of the Netherlands | Beatrix (Queen); Ruud Lubbers (Prime minister); Wim Kok (Prime minister) |
| Kuwait | Jaber III (Emir); Saad Al-Abdullah (Prime minister) |
| Kyrgyzstan | Askar Akayev (President); Apas Jumagulov (Prime minister) |
| Laos | Khamtai Siphandone (Chairman); Nouhak Phoumsavanh (President); Khamtai Siphandone (Prime minister) |
| Latvia | Guntis Ulmanis (President); Valdis Birkavs (Prime minister); Māris Gailis (Prime minister) |
| Lebanon | Elias Hrawi (President); Rafic Hariri (Prime minister) |
| Lesotho | Letsie III (King); Ntsu Mokhehle (Prime minister); Hae Phoofolo (Interim Prime minister); Ntsu Mokhehle (Prime minister) |
| Liberia | Amos Sawyer (President of the Interim Government of National Unity); David D. Kpormakpor (Chairman of the Council of State) |
| Liechtenstein | Hans-Adam II (Prince); Mario Frick (Prime minister) |
| Lithuania | Algirdas Brazauskas (President); Adolfas Šleževičius (Prime minister) |
| Luxembourg | Jean (Grand Duke); Jacques Santer (Prime minister) |
| Madagascar: Third Republic | Albert Zafy (President); Francisque Ravony (Prime minister) |
| Malawi | Hastings Banda (President); Bakili Muluzi (President) |
| Malaysia | Azlan Shah of Perak (Yang di-Pertuan Agong); Ja'afar of Negeri Sembilan (Yang di-Pertuan Agong); Mahathir Mohamad (Prime minister) |
| Mali | Alpha Oumar Konaré (President); Abdoulaye Sékou Sow (Prime minister); Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta (Prime minister) |
| Malta | Ċensu Tabone (President); Ugo Mifsud Bonnici (President); Eddie Fenech Adami (Prime minister) |
| Mauritania | Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya (President); Sidi Mohamed Ould Boubacar (Prime minister) |
| Mexico | Carlos Salinas de Gortari (President); Ernesto Zedillo (President) |
| Moldova | Mircea Snegur (President); Andrei Sangheli (Prime minister) |
| Mongolia | Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat (President); Puntsagiin Jasrai (Prime minister) |
| Morocco | Hassan II (King); Mohammed Karim Lamrani (Prime minister); Abdellatif Filali (Prime minister) |
| Mozambique | Joaquim Chissano (President); Mário da Graça Machungo (Prime minister); Pascoal Mocumbi (Prime minister) |
| Myanmar | Than Shwe (Chairmen); Than Shwe (Prime minister) |
| Namibia | Sam Nujoma (President); Hage Geingob (Prime minister) |
| New Zealand | Elizabeth II (Queen); Jim Bolger (Prime minister) |
| Nicaragua | Violeta Chamorro (President) |
| Niger | Mahamane Ousmane (President of the Republic); Mahamadou Issoufou (Prime minister); Souley Abdoulaye (Prime minister) |
| Nigeria | Sani Abacha (Military Head of State) |
| North Korea | Kim Il Sung (General Secretary); Kim Il Sung (President); Kang Song-san (Premier) |
| North Macedonia | Kiro Gligorov (President); Branko Crvenkovski (Prime minister) |
| Northern Cyprus | Rauf Denktaş (President); Derviş Eroğlu (Prime minister); Hakkı Atun (Prime minister) |
| Norway | Harald V (King); Gro Harlem Brundtland (Prime minister) |
| Oman | Qaboos bin Said (Sultan) |
| Pakistan | Farooq Leghari (President); Benazir Bhutto (Prime minister) |
| Panama | Guillermo Endara (President); Ernesto Pérez Balladares (President) |
| Papua New Guinea | Elizabeth II (Queen); Paias Wingti (Prime minister); Julius Chan (Prime minister) |
| Paraguay | Juan Carlos Wasmosy (President) |
| Peru | Alberto Fujimori (de facto President); Alfonso Bustamante (Prime Minister); Efrain Goldenberg (Prime Minister) |
| Philippines | Fidel V. Ramos (President) |
| Poland | Lech Wałęsa (President); Waldemar Pawlak (Prime minister) |
| Portugal | Mário Soares (President); Aníbal Cavaco Silva (Prime minister) |
| Qatar | Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani (Emir); Khalifa bin Hamad (Prime minister) |
| Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina | Alija Izetbegović (President); Haris Silajdžić (Prime minister) |
| Republic of the Congo | Pascal Lissouba (President); Joachim Yhombi-Opango (Prime minister) |
| Republic of Venezuela | Ramón José Velásquez (Interim President); Rafael Caldera (President) |
| Romania | Ion Iliescu (President); Nicolae Văcăroiu (Prime minister) |
| Russia | Boris Yeltsin (President); Viktor Chernomyrdin (Prime minister) |
| Rwanda | Juvénal Habyarimana (President); Théodore Sindikubwabo (Interim President); Pasteur Bizimungu (President); Agathe Uwilingiyimana (Prime minister); Jean Kambanda (Prime minister); Faustin Twagiramungu (Prime minister) |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | Elizabeth II (Queen); Kennedy Simmonds (Prime minister) |
| Saint Lucia | Elizabeth II (Queen); John Compton (Prime minister) |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Elizabeth II (Queen); James Fitz-Allen Mitchell (Prime minister) |
| Samoa | Malietoa Tanumafili II (O le Ao o le Malo); Tofilau Eti Alesana (Prime minister) |
| Saudi Arabia | Fahd (King) |
| Senegal | Abdou Diouf (President); Habib Thiam (Prime minister) |
| Sierra Leone | Valentine Strasser (Military Head of State) |
| Slovakia | Michal Kováč (President); Vladimír Mečiar (Prime minister); Jozef Moravčík (Prime minister); Vladimír Mečiar (Prime minister) |
| Slovenia | Milan Kučan (President); Janez Drnovšek (Prime minister) |
| South Africa | F. W. de Klerk (State President); Nelson Mandela (President) |
| South Korea | Kim Young-sam (President); Lee Hoi-chang (Prime minister); Lee Yung-dug (Prime minister); Lee Hong-koo (Prime minister) |
| Spain | Juan Carlos I (King); Felipe González (Prime minister) |
| Sri Lanka | Dingiri Banda Wijetunga (President); Chandrika Kumaratunga (President); Ranil Wickremesinghe (Prime minister); Chandrika Kumaratunga (Prime minister); Sirimavo Bandaranaike (Prime minister) |
| Sudan | Omar al-Bashir (President) |
| Suriname | Ronald Venetiaan (President) |
| Sweden | Carl XVI Gustaf (King); Carl Bildt (Prime minister); Ingvar Carlsson (Prime minister) |
| Switzerland | Otto Stich (President of the Confederation) |
| Syrian Arab Republic | Hafez al-Assad (President); Mahmoud Zuabi (Prime minister) |
| Taiwan | Lee Teng-hui (President); Lien Chan (Premier) |
| Tajikistan | Emomali Rahmon (Chairman of the Supreme Assembly); Emomali Rahmon (President); Abdujalil Samadov (Prime minister); Jamshed Karimov (Prime minister) |
| Tanzania | Ali Hassan Mwinyi (President); John Malecela (Prime minister); Cleopa Msuya (Prime minister) |
| Thailand | Bhumibol Adulyadej (King); Chuan Leekpai (Prime minister) |
| The Bahamas | Elizabeth II (Queen); Hubert Ingraham (Prime minister) |
| Togo | Gnassingbé Eyadéma (President); Joseph Kokou Koffigoh (Prime minister); Edem Kodjo (Prime minister) |
| Tonga | Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV (King); Baron Vaea (Prime minister) |
| Transitional Government of Ethiopia | Meles Zenawi (Acting President); Tamrat Layne (Acting Prime minister) |
| Trinidad and Tobago | Noor Hassanali (President); Patrick Manning (Prime minister) |
| Tunisia | Zine El Abidine Ben Ali (President); Hamed Karoui (Prime minister) |
| Turkey | Süleyman Demirel (President); Tansu Çiller (Prime minister) |
| Turkmenistan | Saparmurat Niyazov (President) |
| Uganda | Yoweri Museveni (President); George Cosmas Adyebo (Prime minister); Kintu Musoke (Prime minister) |
| Ukraine | Leonid Kravchuk (President); Leonid Kuchma (President); Yukhym Zvyahilsky (Acting Prime minister); Vitaliy Masol (Prime minister) |
| United Arab Emirates | Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan (President); Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum (Prime minister) |
| United Kingdom | Elizabeth II (queen); John Major (Prime minister) |
| United States | Bill Clinton (President) |
| Uruguay | Luis Alberto Lacalle (President) |
| Uzbekistan | Islam Karimov (President); Abdulhashim Mutalov (Prime minister) |
| Vietnam | Đỗ Mười (General Secretary); Lê Đức Anh (President); Võ Văn Kiệt (Prime minister) |
| Yemen | Ali Abdullah Saleh (Chairman of the Presidential Council); Ali Abdullah Saleh (President); Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas (Prime minister); Muhammad Said al-Attar (Acting Prime minister); Abdul Aziz Abdul Ghani (Prime minister) |
| Zaire | Mobutu Sese Seko (President); Faustin Birindwa (Prime minister); Léon Kengo (First state commissioner) |
| Zambia | Frederick Chiluba (President) |
| Zimbabwe | Robert Mugabe (President) |