Who ruled the world in 1960?
The cold war: 106 states on the map for 1960, 106 with a known leader. Open the interactive map and move the slider to 1960 to see their borders.
| State | Led by in 1960 |
|---|---|
| Andorra | Ramon Iglesias i Navarri (Episcopal Co-Prince); Charles de Gaulle (French Co-Prince) |
| Argentina | Arturo Frondizi (President) |
| Australia | Elizabeth II (Queen); Sir Robert Menzies (Prime minister) |
| Austria | Adolf Schärf (President); Julius Raab (Chancellor) |
| Basutoland | 'Mantšebo (Regent); Moshoeshoe II (Paramount Chief) |
| Belgium | Baudouin (King); Gaston Eyskens (Prime minister) |
| Bhutan | Jigme Dorji Wangchuck (Druk Gyalpo); Jigme Palden Dorji (Prime minister) |
| Bolivia | Hernán Siles Zuazo (President); Víctor Paz Estenssoro (President) |
| Brunei | Omar Ali Saifuddien III (Sultan) |
| Cameroon | Ahmadou Ahidjo (President); Ahmadou Ahidjo (Prime minister); Charles Assalé (Prime minister) |
| Canada | Elizabeth II (Queen); John Diefenbaker (Prime minister) |
| Central African Republic | David Dacko (President); David Dacko (Prime minister) |
| Chad | François Tombalbaye (President) |
| China | Mao Zedong (Chairman); Liu Shaoqi (President); Zhou Enlai (Premier) |
| Colombia | Alberto Lleras Camargo (President) |
| Costa Rica | Mario Echandi Jiménez (President) |
| Cuba | Osvaldo Dorticós Torrado (President); Fidel Castro (Prime minister) |
| Cyprus | Makarios III (President) |
| Czechoslovak Socialist Republic | Antonín Novotný (General Secretary); Antonín Novotný (President); Viliam Široký (Prime minister) |
| Denmark | Frederik IX (King); H. C. Hansen (Prime minister); Viggo Kampmann (Prime minister) |
| Dominion of Ceylon | Elizabeth II (Queen); Wijeyananda Dahanayake (Prime minister); Dudley Senanayake (Prime minister); Sirimavo Bandaranaike (Prime minister) |
| East Germany | Wilhelm Pieck (President); Walter Ulbricht (First Secretary); Walter Ulbricht (Chairmen of the State Council); Otto Grotewohl (Chairman) |
| Ecuador | Camilo Ponce Enríquez (President); José María Velasco Ibarra (President) |
| Egypt | Gamal Abdel Nasser (President); Gamal Abdel Nasser (Prime minister, government in rebellion) |
| El Salvador | José María Lemus (President) |
| El Stronato | Alfredo Stroessner (President) |
| Ethiopian Empire | Haile Selassie I (Emperor) |
| Finland | Urho Kekkonen (President); V. J. Sukselainen (Prime minister) |
| France | Charles de Gaulle (President); Michel Debré (Prime minister) |
| Francoist Spain | Francisco Franco (Caudillo); Francisco Franco (Prime minister) |
| Gabon | Léon M'ba (President); Léon M'ba (Prime minister) |
| Ghana | Kwame Nkrumah (President of the First Republic) |
| Guatemala | Miguel Ydígoras Fuentes (President) |
| Guinea | Ahmed Sékou Touré (President) |
| Honduras | Ramón Villeda Morales (President) |
| Hungarian People's Republic | János Kádár (General Secretary); István Dobi (Chairman); Ferenc Münnich (Prime minister) |
| Iceland | Ásgeir Ásgeirsson (President); Ólafur Thors (Prime minister) |
| Imperial State of Iran | Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (Shah) |
| India | Rajendra Prasad (President); Jawaharlal Nehru (Prime minister) |
| Iraqi Republic (1958–1968) | Muhammad Najib ar-Ruba'i (President); Abd al-Karim Qasim (Prime minister) |
| Ireland | Éamon de Valera (President); Seán Lemass (Taoiseach) |
| Israel | Yitzhak Ben-Zvi (President); David Ben-Gurion (Prime minister) |
| Italy | Giovanni Gronchi (President); Antonio Segni (Prime minister); Fernando Tambroni (Prime minister); Amintore Fanfani (Prime minister) |
| Ivory Coast | Félix Houphouët-Boigny (President); Félix Houphouët-Boigny (Prime minister) |
| Japan | Hirohito (Emperor); Hayato Ikeda (Prime minister) |
| Jordan | Hussein (King); Hazza' al-Majali (Prime minister); Bahjat Talhouni (Prime minister) |
| Kingdom of Afghanistan | Mohammed Zahir Shah (King); Mohammad Zahir Shah (King); Mohammed Daoud Khan (Prime minister) |
| Kingdom of Burundi | Mwambutsa IV (King); Mwambutsa IV Bangiriceng (King) |
| Kingdom of Cambodia (1953–1970) | Norodom Sihanouk (Prince); Norodom Suramarit (King); Chuop Hell (Acting Head of state); Sisowath Monireth (Acting Head of state); Sisowath Kossamak (Queen Mother); Pho Proeung (Prime minister) |
| Kingdom of Greece | Paul (King); Konstantinos Karamanlis (Prime minister) |
| Kingdom of Laos | Sisavang Vatthana (King); Souvanna Phouma (Prime minister); Sounthone Pathammavong (Prime minister); Kou Abhay (Prime minister); Somsanith Vongkotrattana (Prime minister); Boun Oum (Prime minister) |
| Kingdom of Libya | Idris (King); Abdul Majid Kubar (Prime minister); Muhammad Osman Said (Prime minister) |
| Kingdom of Nepal | Mahendra (King); Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala (Prime minister); Tulsi Giri (Prime minister) |
| Kingdom of Rwanda | Kigeli V Ndahindurwa (King) |
| Kingdom of the Netherlands | Juliana (Queen); Jan de Quay (Prime minister) |
| Kingdom of Tonga (1900–70) | Sālote Tupou III (King); Tupoutoʻa-Tungi (Prime minister) |
| Lebanon | Fuad Chehab (President); Rashid Karami (Prime minister); Ahmad Daouk (Prime minister); Saeb Salam (Prime minister) |
| Liberia | William Tubman (President) |
| Luxembourg | Charlotte (Grand Duchess); Pierre Werner (Prime minister) |
| Malagasy Republic | Philibert Tsiranana (President) |
| Mali | Modibo Keïta (Head of State); Modibo Keïta (Prime minister) |
| Mauritania | Moktar Ould Daddah (Acting Head of State); Moktar Ould Daddah (Prime minister) |
| Mexico | Adolfo López Mateos (President) |
| Mongolian People's Republic | Jamsrangiin Sambuu (Chairman); Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal (Prime minister) |
| Morocco | Mohammed V (King); Abdallah Ibrahim (Prime minister) |
| Muscat and Oman | Said III (Sultan) |
| Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen | Ahmad bin Yahya (King) |
| New Zealand | Elizabeth II (Queen); Walter Nash (Prime minister); Keith Holyoake (Prime minister) |
| Nicaragua | Luis Somoza Debayle (President) |
| Niger | Hamani Diori (President of the Republic); Hamani Diori (Prime minister) |
| North Korea | Kim Il Sung (Chairman); Kim Il Sung (Premier) |
| Norway | Olav V (King); Einar Gerhardsen (Prime minister) |
| Pakistan | Ayub Khan (President) |
| Panama | Ernesto de la Guardia (President); Roberto Francisco Chiari Remón (President) |
| People's Republic of Bulgaria | Todor Zhivkov (General Secretary); Dimitar Ganev (Chairman of the Presidium of the National Assembly); Anton Yugov (Prime minister) |
| People's Socialist Republic of Albania | Haxhi Lleshi (Chairman); Enver Hoxha (First Secretary); Mehmet Shehu (Prime minister) |
| Peru | Pedro Beltrán Espantoso (Prime Minister) |
| Philippines | Carlos P. Garcia (President) |
| Polish People's Republic | Aleksander Zawadzki (Chairman); Władysław Gomułka (First Secretary); Józef Cyrankiewicz (Prime minister) |
| Presidential Republic (1925–1973) | Jorge Alessandri (President) |
| Qatar | Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani (Emir); Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani (Emir) |
| Republic of Dahomey | Hubert Maga (President); Hubert Maga (Prime minister) |
| Republic of the Congo | Fulbert Youlou (President) |
| Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville) | Joseph Kasa-Vubu (President); Patrice Lumumba (Prime minister); Joseph Iléo (Prime minister); Justin Marie Bomboko (Prime minister); Antoine Gizenga (Rebel, Prime minister) |
| Republic of the Sudan (1956–1969) | Ibrahim Abboud (President); Ibrahim Abboud (Prime minister) |
| Republic of Venezuela | Rómulo Betancourt (President) |
| Saudi Arabia | Saud (King) |
| Second Portuguese Republic | Américo Thomaz (President); António de Oliveira Salazar (President of the Council of Minister); António de Oliveira Salazar (President of the Council of Ministers) |
| Senegal | Léopold Sédar Senghor (President); Mamadou Dia (Prime minister) |
| Sheikhdom of Kuwait | Abdullah III (Sheikh) |
| South Africa | Hendrik Verwoerd (Prime minister) |
| South Korea | Syngman Rhee (President); Yun Po-sun (President); Yi Yun-yong (Prime minister); Chang Myon (Prime minister) |
| Soviet Union | Nikita Khrushchev (General Secretary); Kliment Voroshilov (Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet); Leonid Brezhnev (Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet); Nikita Khrushchev (Chairman of the Council of Ministers) |
| Suriname (Kingdom of the Netherlands) | Severinus Desiré Emanuels (Prime minister) |
| Sweden | Gustaf VI Adolf (King); Tage Erlander (Prime minister) |
| Switzerland | Max Petitpierre (President of the Confederation) |
| Taiwan | Chiang Kai-shek (President); Chen Cheng (Premier) |
| Thailand | Bhumibol Adulyadej (King); Sarit Thanarat (Prime minister) |
| Togo | Sylvanus Olympio (President); Sylvanus Olympio (Prime minister) |
| Tunisia | Habib Bourguiba (President) |
| Turkey | Celâl Bayar (President); Cemal Gürsel (Chairman); Adnan Menderes (Prime minister); Cemal Gürsel (Prime minister) |
| Union of Burma | Win Maung (President); U Nu (Prime minister); Ne Win (Prime minister) |
| United Kingdom | Elizabeth II (queen); Harold Macmillan (Prime minister) |
| United States | Dwight D. Eisenhower (President) |
| West Germany | Heinrich Lübke (President); Konrad Adenauer (Chancellor) |
| Yugoslavia | Josip Broz Tito (General Secretary); Josip Broz Tito (President); Josip Broz Tito (Prime minister) |