Who ruled the world in 1492?
The age of discovery: 41 states on the map for 1492, 41 with a known leader. Open the interactive map and move the slider to 1492 to see their borders.
| State | Led by in 1492 |
|---|---|
| Adal Sultanate: Walashma dynasty | Muhammad ibn Azhar ad-Din (Sultan) details |
| Ashikaga shogunate of Japan | Go-Tsuchimikado (Emperor); Yoshitane (Shōgun) details |
| Ayutthaya Kingdom | Ramathibodi II (King) details |
| Bornu Empire (Kanem–Bornu) | Idris Katakarmabe (Mai) details |
| Crimean Khanate | Meñli I Giray (Khan) details |
| Crown of Aragon | Ferdinand the Catholic (King) details |
| Crown of Castile | Isabella I the Catholic (Queen); Ferdinand the Catholic (King) details |
| Duchy of Brittany | Anne (Duchess) details |
| England | Henry VII (king) details |
| Ethiopian Empire | Eskender (Emperor) details |
| France | Charles VIII (king); Charles VIII the Affable (King) details |
| Grand Duchy of Moscow | Ivan III (grand prince); Ivan III the Great (Grand prince) details |
| Hafsid dynasty | Abu Yahya Zakariya (Khalif) details |
| Hanthawaddy kingdom | Dhammazedi (King); Binnya Ran II (King) details |
| Holy Roman Empire | Frederick III (emperor); Maximilian I (King) details |
| Joseon | Seongjong (King) details |
| Kalmar Union of Denmark, Sweden, and Norway | John (King of Denmark) details |
| Khanate of Sibir | Ibak (Khan) details |
| Kingdom of Benin | Ozolua (Oba) details |
| Kingdom of Cambodia | Thommo Reachea I (King) details |
| Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526) | Vladislaus II (King) details |
| Kingdom of Kongo | João I (Manikongo) details |
| Kingdom of Mrauk U | Min Dawlya (King) details |
| Kingdom of Mutapa | Changamire (Mwenemutapa) details |
| Kingdom of Navarre | Catherine (Queen) details |
| Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569) | Casimir IV (King); John I Albert (King) details |
| Kingdom of Scotland | James IV (King) details |
| Lan Xang | La Sen Thai (King) details |
| Malacca Sultanate | Mahmud Shah (Sultan) details |
| Mali Empire: Keita dynasty | Mahmud II (Mansa) details |
| Mamluke Sultanate | Qaitbay (sultan) details |
| Ming Empire | Hongzhi Emperor (emperor); Hongzhi (Emperor) details |
| Mossi Kingdom of Nungu | Gima (Nunbado) details |
| Nabhani dynasty | Omar al Sharif (Malik) details |
| Ottoman Empire | Bayezid II (sultan); Koca Davud Pasha (Grand Vizier) details |
| Papal States | Innocent VIII (Pope); Alexander VI (Pope) details |
| Phagmodrupa dynasty | Tsokye Dorje (Monarch) details |
| Portugal | John II (king) details |
| Songhai Empire | Sonni Ali (King) details |
| State of the Teutonic Order | Johann von Tiefen (Grand Master) details |
| Venice | Agostino Barbarigo (doge) details |